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catalytic converter device
A catalytic converter is an exhaust emission control device which converts toxic gases and pollutants in exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine into less-toxic pollutants by catalyzing a redox reaction.
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Speciflcations
The essential function of a catalytic converter: It converts toxic and harmful gases (CO, HC, NOₓ) in vehicle exhaust into harmless gases (CO₂, H₂O, N₂) through a chemical reaction.
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Applications

Specific uses are as follows:

1.  Automotive Exhaust Treatment

• The primary application is installing catalytic converters in gasoline, diesel, and hybrid vehicles to treat harmful emissions from the engine.

• Converts:

• Carbon monoxide (CO) → to carbon dioxide (CO)

• Hydrocarbons (HC) → to water (HO) and carbon dioxide

• Nitrogen oxides (NO) → to nitrogen (N)

2.  Complying with Environmental Regulations

• Used in vehicles that meet Euro V, Euro VI, and China VI emission standards.

• A key component for passing annual vehicle inspections and obtaining environmental certification.

3. Industrial Exhaust Treatment

• Catalytic converters are also used in some factories, combustion boilers, and diesel generator sets to purify industrial exhaust gases. 4.  Laboratory Gas Purification

• Small catalytic converters are also used in some laboratory equipment (such as gas chromatograph exhaust systems) to purify exhaust gases.

5. Preventing Catalyst Poisoning or Fire Risks

• Some catalytic converters also have protective functions, such as protecting the engine or other exhaust system components by controlling temperature or preventing the accumulation of toxic substances.


FAQ

a catalytic converter is an essential part of a vehicle's exhaust system. It helps lower the number of toxic pollutants emitted into the air by converting hazardous combustion gases into less harmful substances, like water vapor and carbon dioxide.  

This is done by exposing these fumes to chemicals and metals inside the converter to prompt chemical reactions that transform otherwise toxic pollutants into relatively harmless ones.

 

Types of catalytic converter:

Two-way: The two-way catalytic converter was present on vehicles in the United States until 1981. They only have oxidation catalysts, which help change carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide. Hydrocarbons (which is unburned and partially burned fuel) are changed to carbon dioxide and water.

Three-way: Since 1981, the three-way catalytic converter has been used. This performs the same as the two-way converter with the addition of a reduction catalyst. As stated earlier, this is used to change nitrogen oxides to nitrogen and oxygen gases.


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